Despite national commitment to address the HIV epidemic, several gaps remain including a lack of HIV prevention interventions targeting sex workers and their clients. The majority of HIV prevention programmes targeting vulnerable groups (injecting drug users, sex workers and men who have sex with men) are carried out by NGOs and community-based organizations which face numerous financial and human resource challenges.

While Malaysia has identified migrant and mobile populations as a group vulnerable to HIV, there is a need to increase their access to HIV information and prevention and to deliver services in a language that they can understand. Care, support, post-counseling and referral services for migrant workers who test HIV positive during mandatory HIV testing should be strengthened.

The health situation and HIV vulnerabilities of migrant workers in the country remain to be substantiated with in-depth research and studies. To this aim, gender-based data collection mechanisms and HIV surveillance systems that protect migrants' rights and dignity need to be developed.