It is estimated that there were 64,750 people living with HIV in Cambodia in 2007, out of which 3,350 were children under the age of 15. The total number of people living with HIV who receive ART has more than doubled from 12,247 in December 2005 to 25,353 in September 2007.

The National Strategic Plan for a Comprehensive and Multisectoral Response to HIV/AIDS (2006-2010) was developed with development partners, civil society organizations and people affected by HIV/AIDS. The Plan has specific objectives and strategies and an operational plan that involves all stakeholders, including the Government, civil society and the private sector. The Plan aims to reduce new HIV infections among at-risk groups, to provide care and treatment to people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), and to address the socio-economic and human impacts of HIV.

Cambodia is a major sending country of migrant workers to booming Asian economies, including Malaysia, the Republic of Korea and neighbouring Thailand. From 1998 to 2007, 8,969 documented migrants worked in Malaysia, 7,042 of them women. An estimated 10,000, regular and irregular Cambodian migrants worked in Malaysia in 2003, and 2,464 Cambodian migrants currently work in the Republic of Korea. In 2002-2003, remittances to Cambodia amounted to approximately USD 3,177,600.

Cambodia's commitment to address the HIV epidemic has translated into the development of impactful prevention strategies and expanded care and treatment coverage for those in need. However, HIV interventions and programmes specifically targeting migrant and mobile populations remain to be developed and the capacity of national institutions to address HIV and mobility issue needs to be strengthened.